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Journal articles

• Vidamour IT, Venkat G, Swindells C, Griffin D, Fry PW, Rowan-Robinson RM, Welbourne A, Maccherozzi F, Dhesi SS, Stepney S , Allwood DA et al (2025) . Journal of Applied Physics, 137(13).
• Venkat G, Vidamour I, Swindells C, Fry PW, Rosamond M, Foerster M, Niño MA, Griffin D, Stepney S, Allwood DA & Hayward TJ (2024) . Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering, 4(2).
• Vidamour IT, Swindells C, Venkat G, Manneschi L, Fry PW, Welbourne A, Rowan-Robinson RM, Backes D, Maccherozzi F, Dhesi SS , Vasilaki E et al (2023) . Communications Physics, 6(1).
• Ellis MOA, Welbourne A, Kyle SJ, Fry PW, Allwood DA, Hayward TJ & Vasilaki E (2023) Machine learning using magnetic stochastic synapses.. Neuromorph. Comput. Eng., 3, 21001-21001.
• Murshidy MM, Adawi AM, Fry PW & Lidzey DG (2021) . Journal of Applied Physics, 129(20).
• Dawidek RW, Hayward TJ, Vidamour IT, Broomhall TJ, Venkat G, Mamoori MA, Mullen A, Kyle SJ, Fry PW, Steinke N , Cooper JFK et al (2021) . Advanced Functional Materials, 31(15).
• Behera S, Fry PW, Francis H, Farrer I, Jin C & Hopkinson M (2020) . AIP Advances, 10(10).
• Trapalis A, Fry PW, Kennedy K, Farrer I, Kean A, Sharman J & Heffernan J (2020) . Materials Letters: X, 7.
• Behera S, Fry PW, Francis H, Jin C-Y & Hopkinson M (2020) . Scientific Reports, 10(1).
• Omari KA, Broomhall TJ, Dawidek RWS, Allwood DA, Bradley RC, Wood JM, Fry PW, Rosamond MC, Linfield EH, Im MY , Fischer PJ et al (2019) . Advanced Functional Materials, 29(10).
• Chang CL, Tamming RR, Broomhall TJ, Janusonis J, Fry PW, Tobey RI & Hayward TJ (2018) . Physical Review Applied, 10(3).
• Nguyen NB, Nielsen MP, Lafone L, Clarke E, Fry P & Oulton RF (2017) . Applied Physics Letters, 111(26).
• Groom KM, Lei H, Stevens BJ, Fry PW, Babazadeh N, Ternent G, Childs DT & Groom KM (2016) . Semiconductor Science and Technology, 31(8).
• Sediq KN, Coles D, Fry PW & Lidzey DG (2016) . Nanotechnology, 27(22), 225203-225203.
• Hodges MPP, Bryan MT, Fry PW, Im M-Y, Fischer P & Hayward TJ (2014) . Journal of Applied Physics, 116(12).
• Negotia M, Hodges MPP, Bryan MT, Fry PW, Im M-Y, Fischer P, Allwood DA & Hayward TJ (2013) . JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 114(16).
• Makhonin MN, Foster AP, Krysa AB, Fry PW, Davies DG, Grange T, Walther T, Skolnick MS & Wilson LR (2013) . Nano Lett, 13(3), 861-865.
• Larsen K, Austin D, Sandall IC, Davies DG, Revin DG, Cockburn JW, Adawi AM, Airey RJ, Fry PW, Hopkinson M & Wilson LR (2012) . Applied Physics Letters, 101(25).
• West AD, Weatherill KJ, Hayward TJ, Fry PW, Schrefl T, Gibbs MRJ, Adams CS, Allwood DA & Hughes IG (2011) Manipulating ultracold atoms with a reconfigurable nanomagnetic system of domain walls. Nano Lett., 12, 4065.
• Murshidy MM, Adawi AM, Fry PW & Lidzey DG (2010) . APPL PHYS LETT, 97(15).
• Hayward TJ, West AD, Weatherill KJ, Curran PJ, Fry PW, Fundi PM, Gibbs MRJ, Schrefl T, Adams CS, Hughes IG , Bending SJ et al (2010) Design and Characterization of a Field-Switchable Nanomagnetic Atom Mirror. J. Appl. Phys., 108, 043906.
• Stevens BJ, Groom KM, Roberts JS, Fry PW, Childs DTD & Hogg RA (2010) . ELECTRON LETT, 46(15), 1076-U51.
• Adawi AM, Murshidy MM, Fry PW & Lidzey DG (2010) . ACS Nano, 4(6), 3039-3044.
• Bryan MT, Smith KH, Real ME, Bashir MA, Fry PW, Fischer P, Im MY, Schrefl T, Allwood DA & Haycock JW (2010) . IEEE Magnetics Letters, 1.
• Bryan MT, Fry PW, Schrefl T, Gibbs MRJ, Allwood DA, Im MY & Fischer P (2010) . IEEE T MAGN, 46(4), 963-967.
• Hayward TJ, Bryan MT, Fry PW, Fundi PM, Gibbs MRJ, Im MY, Fischer P & Allwood DA (2010) . APPL PHYS LETT, 96(5).
• Hayward TJ, Bryan MT, Fry PW, Fundi PM, Gibbs MRJ, Allwood DA, Im MY & Fischer P (2010) . PHYS REV B, 81(2).
• Murshidy MM, Adawi AM, Fry PW, Whittaker DM & Lidzey DG (2010) The optical properties of hybrid organic-inorganic L3 nanocavities. J OPT SOC AM B, 27(2), 215-221.
• Murshidy MM, Adawi AM, Fry PW & Lidzey DG (2010) A one-dimensional photonic-crystal nanocavity incorporating a fluorescent molecular dye. APL: Organic Electronics and Photonics, 3(10).
• Weatherill KJ, Hayward TJ, West A, Schrefl T, Fry PW, Adams CS, Allwood DA & Hughes IG (2009) . CLEO Europe Eqec 2009 European Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics and the European Quantum Electronics Conference.
• Dylewicz R, Patela S, Hogg RA, Fry PW, Parbrook PJ, Airey R & Tahraoui A (2009) . IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L, 21(14), 966-968.
• Basu S, Fry PW, Gibbs MRJ, Schrefl T & Allwood DA (2009) . J APPL PHYS, 105(8).
• Dylewicz R, Patela S, Hogg RA, Fry PW, Parbrook PJ, Airey R & Tahraoui A (2009) . J ELECTRON MATER, 38(5), 635-639.
• Weatherill KJ, Hayward TJ, West A, Schrefl T, Fry PW, Adams CS, Allwood DA & Hughes IG (2009) Interactions of ultracold atoms with magnetic fields from domain walls in nanowires. Optics Infobase Conference Papers.
• Allwood DA, Seem PR, Basu S, Fry PW, Gibson UJ & Cowburn RP (2008) . APPL PHYS LETT, 92(7).
• Bryan MT, Fry PW, Fischer PJ & Allwood DA (2008) . JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 103(7).
• Lam S, Chalcraft ARA, Szymanski D, Oulton R, Jones BD, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, O'Brien D , Krauss TF et al (2008) Coupled resonant modes of dual L3-defect planar photonic crystal cavities. Optics Infobase Conference Papers.
• Jones BD, Astratov VN, Oulton R, Lam S, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, Fry PW & Hopkinson M (2008) Whispering gallery modes in quantum dot micropillar cavities. Optics Infobase Conference Papers.
• Astratov VN, Yang S, Lam S, Jones BD, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, Tahraoui A, Fry PW & Hopkinson M (2007) . Proceedings of 2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks Icton 2007, 4, 170-172.
• Chalcraft ARA, Lam S, Sahin M, Szymanski D, Sanvitto D, Oulton R, Skolnick MS, Fox AM, Whittaker DM, Tahraoui A , Liu HY et al (2007) . Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science QELS Technical Digest Series.
• Kolodka RS, Ramsay AJ, Skiba-Szymanska J, Fry PW, Liu HY, Whittaker DM, Fox AM & Skolnick MS (2007) . Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science QELS Technical Digest Series.
• Daraei A, Sanvitto D, Timpson JA, Fox AM, Whittaker DM, Skolnick MS, Guimaraes PSS, Vinck H, Tahraoui A, Fry PW , Liew SL et al (2007) . J APPL PHYS, 102(4).
• Astratov VN, Yang S, Lam S, Jones BD, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, Tahraoui A, Fry PW & Hopkinson M (2007) . APPL PHYS LETT, 91(7).
• Luxmoore IJ, Ross IM, Cullis AG, Fry PW, Orr J, Buckle PD & Jefferson JH (2007) . THIN SOLID FILMS, 515(17), 6791-6797.
• Kolodka RS, Ramsay AJ, Skiba-Szymanska J, Fry PW, Liu HY, Fox AM & Skolnick MS (2007) . PHYS REV B, 75(19).
• Ramsay AJ, Kolodka RS, Bello F, Fry PW, Ng WK, Tahraoui A, Liu HY, Hopkinson M, Whittaker DM, Fox AM & Skolnick MS (2007) . PHYS REV B, 75(11).
• Timpson JA, Sanvitto D, Daraei A, Guimaraes PSS, Vinck H, Lam S, Whittaker DM, Skolnick MS, Fox AM, Hu CY , Ho YLD et al (2007) . J MOD OPTIC, 54(2-3), 453-465.
• Tartakovskii AI, Wright T, Russell A, Fal'ko VI, Van'kov AB, Skiba-Szymanska J, Drouzas I, Kolodka RS, Skolnick MS, Fry PW , Tahraoui A et al (2007) . Phys Rev Lett, 98(2), 026806.
• Chalcraft ARA, Lam S, Sahin M, Szymanski D, Sanvitto D, Oulton R, Skolnick MS, Fox AM, Whittaker DM, Tahraoui A , Liu HY et al (2007) Modes of the L3 defect cavity in InAs quantum dot photonic crystals. Optics Infobase Conference Papers.
• Gibson UJ, Holiday LF, Allwood DA, Basu S & Fry PW (2007) . IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, 43(6), 2740-2742.
• Lin JC, Hogg R, Fry P, Hopkinson M, Ross I, Cullis A, Kolodka R, Tartakovskii A & Skolnick M (2006) . J CRYST GROWTH, 297(1), 38-43.
• Makhonin MN, Tartakovskii AI, Wright T, Pulizzi F, Skiba-Szymanska J, Skolnick MS, Fal'ko VI, Fry PW, Tahraoui A, Ng WK & Hopkinson M (2006) . Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics and 2006 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CLEO QELS 2006.
• Timpson JA, Lam S, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Vinck H, Daraei A, Guimaraes PSS, Skolnick MS, Fox AM, Hu C , Ho YL et al (2006) . Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics and 2006 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CLEO QELS 2006.
• Lin JC, Fry PW, Hogg RA, Hopkinson M, Ross IM, Cullis AG, Kolodka RS, Tartakovskii AI & Skolnick MS (2006) . MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL, 37(12), 1505-1510.
• Tan WS, Uren MJ, Fry PW, Houston PA, Balmer RS & Martin T (2006) . SOLID STATE ELECTRON, 50(3), 511-513.
• Daraei A, Tahraoui A, Sanvitto D, Timpson JA, Fry PW, Hopkinson M, Guimaraes PSS, Vinck H, Whittaker DM, Skolnick MS & Fox AM (2006) . APPL PHYS LETT, 88(5).
• Makhonin MN, Tartakovskii AI, Wright T, Pulizzi F, Skiba-Szymanska J, Skolnick MS, Fal'ko VI, Fry PW, Tahraoui A, Ng WK & Hopkinson M (2006) Control of nuclear spin in InGaAs quantum dots. Optics Infobase Conference Papers.
• Timpson JA, Lam S, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Vinck H, Daraei A, Guimaraes PSS, Skolnick MS, Fox AM, Hu C , Ho YL et al (2006) High Q values and polarised emission from microcavity pillars with elliptical cross-section. Optics Infobase Conference Papers.
• Adawi AM, Kullock R, Turner JL, Vasilev C, Lidzey DG, Tahraoui A, Fry PW, Gibson D, Smith E, Foden C , Roberts M et al (2006) . ORG ELECTRON, 7(4), 222-228.
• Sanvitto D, Daraei A, Tahraoui A, Hopkinson M, Fry PW, Whittaker DM & Skolnick MS (2005) . APPL PHYS LETT, 86(19).
• Boroumand FA, Fry PW & Lidzey DG (2005) . Nano Lett, 5(1), 67-71.
• Finley JJ, Fry PW, Ashmore AD, Lemaitre A, Tartakovskii AI, Oulton R, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Hopkinson M, Buckle PD & Maksym PA (2001) Observation of multicharged excitons and biexcitons in a single InGaAs quantum dot. PHYS REV B, 63(16).
• Fry PW, Finley JJ, Wilson LR, Lemaitre A, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Hopkinson M, Hill G & Clark JC (2000) Electric-field-dependent carrier capture and escape in self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots. APPL PHYS LETT, 77(26), 4344-4346.
• Fry PW, Itskevich IE, Parnell SR, Finley JJ, Wilson LR, Schumacher KL, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Al-Khafaji M, Cullis AG , Hopkinson M et al (2000) Photocurrent spectroscopy of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots. PHYS REV B, 62(24), 16784-16791.
• Fry PW, Itskevich IE, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Finley JJ, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Wilson LR, Larkin IA, Maksym PA , Hopkinson M et al (2000) . Phys Rev Lett, 84(4), 733-736.
• Skolnick MS, Itskevich IE, Fry PW, Mowbray DJ, Wilson LR, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Trojan IA, Lyapin SG, Hopkinson M , Al-Khafaji M et al (2000) Electronic structure of InAs-GaAs self-assembled quantum dots studied by perturbation spectroscopy. PHYSICA E, 6(1-4), 348-357.
• Fry PW, Harris L, Parnell SR, Finley JJ, Ashmore AD, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Hopkinson M, Hill G & Clark JC (2000) Modal gain and lasing states in InAs/GaAs self-organized quantum dot lasers. J APPL PHYS, 87(1), 615-617.

Conference proceedings

• Hayward TJ, Vidamour IT, Ellis MO, Welbourne A, Dawidek RW, Broomhall TJ, Chambard M, Drouhin M, Keogh AM, Mullen A , Kyle SJ et al (2021) . Spintronics XIV (pp 59-59), 1 August 2021 - 5 August 2021.
• Nielsen MP, Lafone L, Ngoc Nguyen , Sidiropoulos TPH, Clarke E, Fry P, Maier SA & Oulton RF (2016) . 2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS) (pp 31-31), 8 August 2016 - 11 August 2016.
• Lafone L, Nguyen N, Nielsen MP, Clarke E, Fry P, Maier SA & Oulton RF (2016) . Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (pp SF2L.2-SF2L.2), 2016.
• Lafone L, Nguyen N, Nielsen MP, Clarke E, Fry P, Maier SA & Oulton RF (2016) Printed Plasmonic GaAs Nanolasers. Optics Infobase Conference Papers
• Lafone L, Nguyen N, Clarke E, Fry P & Oulton RF (2015) . SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 9546 (pp 95460X-95460X)
• Davies DG, Lambert N, Fry PW, Foster A, Krysa AB & Wilson LR (2014) . Aip Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1598 (pp 162-165)
• Groom KM, Stevens BJ, Greenwood PDL, Childs DTD, Roberts JS, Kennedy K, Fry PW & Hogg RA (2009) A Platform for GaAs Opto-Electronic Integrated Circuits Based on GaAs/AlGaAs Overgrowth of Patterned InGaP. 2009 IEEE LEOS ANNUAL MEETING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1AND 2 (pp 213-214)
• Lam S, Chalcraft ARA, Szymanski D, Oulton R, Jones BD, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, O'Brien D , Krauss TF et al (2008) Coupled Resonant Modes of Dual L3-Defect Planar Photonic Crystal Cavities. 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 (pp 3020-3021)
• Jones BD, Astratov VN, Oulton R, Lam S, Sanvitto D, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, Fry PW & Hopkinson M (2008) Whispering Gallery Modes in Quantum Dot Micropillar Cavities. 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 (pp 1722-1723)
• Kolodka RS, Ramsay AJ, Fry PW, Ng WK, Tahraoui A, Liu HY, Hopkinson M, Fox AM & Skolnick MS (2007) . JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS, Vol. 54(12) (pp 1717-1722)
• Dylewicz R, Hogg RA, Fry PW, Parbrook PJ, Airey R, Tahraoui A & Patela S (2007) . physica status solidi c, Vol. 4(7) (pp 2634-2637)
• Kolodka RS, Ramsay AJ, Skiba-Szymanska J, Fry PW, Liu HY, Whittaker DM, Fox AM & Skolnick MS (2007) Electron tunnelling limited coherence time of single quantum dot photodiode based qubit. Optics Infobase Conference Papers
• Timpson JA, Sanvitto D, Daraei A, Guimaraes PSS, Tahraoui A, Fry PW, Hopkinson M, Whittaker DM, Fox AM & Skolnick MS (2006) . PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES, Vol. 32(1-2) (pp 500-503)
• Lin JCC, Hogg RA, Hopkinson M, Fry PW, Ross IM, Cullis AG, Kolodka RS, Tartakovskii AI & Skolnick MS (2006) . Quantum Dots, Particles, and Nanoclusters III, Vol. 6129 (pp G1290-G1290)
• Lin JCC, Ross IM, Fry PW, Tartakoskii AI, Kolodka RS, Hogg R, Hopkinson M, Cullis AG & Skolnick MS (2005) Microstructural studies of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots grown by selective area molecular beam epitaxy. Microscopy of Semiconducting Materials, Vol. 107 (pp 267-270)
• Ashmore AD, Finley JJ, Oulton R, Fry PW, Lemaitre A, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Hopkinson M, Buckle PD & Maksym PA (2002) Optical properties of single charge tuneable InGaAs quantum dots. PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES, Vol. 13(2-4) (pp 127-130)
• Fry PW, Mowbray DJ, Itskevich IE, Skolnick MS, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Hopkinson M, Al-Khafaji M, David JPR, Cullis AG & Hill G (2001) Photocurrent spectroscopy of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots. PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH, Vol. 224(2) (pp 497-502)
• Fry PW, Skolnick MS, Mowbray DJ, Itskevich IE, Finley JJ, Wilson LR, Schumacher KL, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Al-Khafaji M , Cullis AG et al (2001) Electronic properties of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots studied by photocurrent spectroscopy. PHYSICA E, Vol. 9(1) (pp 106-113)
• Fry PW, Itskevich IE, Mowbray DJ, Sholnick MS, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Wilson LR, Larkin IA, Maksym PA, Hopkinson M , Al-Khafaji M et al (2000) Photocurrent spectroscopy of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots: Observation of a permanent dipole moment. SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS, Vol. 571 (pp 147-152)
• Fry PW, Itskevich IE, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Barker J, O'Reilly EP, Hopkinson M, Al-Khafaji M, Cullis AG, Hill G & Clark JC (2000) Quantum confined Stark effect and permanent dipole moment of InAs-GaAs self-assembled quantum dots. PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH, Vol. 178(1) (pp 269-275)
• Skolnick MS, Fry PW, Itskevich IE, Mowbray DJ, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Hopkinson M, Al-Khafaji M, Cullis AG, Hill C & Clark JC (2000) The stark effect and electron-hole wavefunctions in InAs-GaAs self-assembled quantum dots. OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES, Vol. 81 (pp 337-346)
• Mowbray DJ, Fry PW, Skolnick MS, Itskevich IE, Harris L, Ashmore AD, Finley JJ, Wilson LR, Schumacher KL, Barker JA , O'Reilly EP et al (2000) Electronic properties of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dot structures and devices studied by photocurrent spectroscopy. ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A, Vol. 98(3) (pp 279-293)
• Mowbray DJ, Harris L, Fry PW, Ashmore AD, Parnell SR, Finley JJ, Skolnick MS, Hopkinson M, Hill G & Clark J (2000) InAs-GaAs self-assembled quantum dot lasers: physical processes and device characteristics. PHYSICA E, Vol. 7(3-4) (pp 489-493)
• Fry PW, Itskevich IE, Mowbray DJ, Skolnick MS, Barker JA, O'Reilly EP, Wilson LR, Maksym PA, Hopkinson M, Al-Khafaji M , David JPR et al (2000) Photocurrent spectroscopy of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots: observation of a permanent dipole moment. PHYSICA E, Vol. 7(3-4) (pp 408-412)

Datasets

• Trapalis A, Fry P, Kennedy K, Farrer I, Sharman J, Kean A & Heffernan J .

Preprints

• Vidamour IT, Venkat G, Swindells C, Griffin D, Fry PW, Rowan-Robinson RM, Welbourne A, Maccherozzi F, Dhesi SS, Stepney S , Allwood DA et al (2024) , arXiv.
• Ellis MOA, Welbourne A, Kyle SJ, Fry PW, Allwood DA, Hayward TJ & Vasilaki E (2023) , arXiv.
• Vidamour I, Swindells C, Venkat G, Manneschi L, Fry P, Welbourne A, Rowan-Robinson R, Backes D, Maccherozzi F, Dhesi S , Vasilaki E et al (2022) , Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
• Vidamour I, Swindells C, Venkat G, Manneschi L, Fry P, Welbourne A, Rowan-Robinson R, Backes D, Maccherozzi F, Dhesi S , Vasilaki E et al (2022) , arXiv.
• West AD, Weatherill KJ, Hayward TJ, Fry PW, Schrefl T, Gibbs MRJ, Adams CS, Allwood DA & Hughes IG (2011) , arXiv.
• Hayward TJ, West AD, Weatherill KJ, Curran PJ, Fry PW, Fundi PM, Gibbs MRJ, Schrefl T, Adams CS, Hughes IG , Bending SJ et al (2010) , arXiv.
• Sanvitto D, Laussy FP, Bello F, Whittaker DM, Fox AM, Skolnick MS, Tahraoui A, Fry PW & Hopkinson M (2006) , arXiv.
• Tartakovskii AI, Wright T, Russell A, Fal'ko VI, Van'kov AB, Skiba-Szymanska J, Drouzas I, Kolodka RS, Skolnick MS, Fry PW , Tahraoui A et al (2006) , arXiv.